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eco-anxiety?is already?causing people to lose sleep?over climate change. now, a global study has found that a warming planet is also affecting how long people sleep, and the problem will get significantly worse this century even if humanity manages to rein in its carbon emissions.?our measurements of the impact of above-average night temperatures on sleep have previously been limited by being confined to single countries, lab studies or notoriously unreliable self-reporting of sleep.
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生态焦虑已经导致人们因气候变化而失眠。现在，一项全球研究发现，全球变暖也影响着人们的睡眠时间，即使人类设法控制住了碳排放，这个问题也将在本世纪出现显著恶化。此前，我们对夜间温度高于平均水平对睡眠影响的测量一直局限于单个国家、实验室研究或众所周知不可靠的睡眠自行报告。
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to glean a better real-world picture,?kelton minorat the university of copenhagen, denmark, took data from sleep-tracking wristbands used by 48,000 people in 68 countries between 2015 and 2017.?he and his colleagues then paired the sleep data with local weather data, revealing that unusually hot nights are causing people to fall asleep later, rise earlier and sleep less. already, the evidence suggests that people are losing an average of 44 hours of sleep each year. by 2100, the researchers estimate people will lose 58 hours of sleep a year if emissions go unchecked. in a lower-emissions future, the figure drops to 50 hours.
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为了更好地掌握真实世界的情况，丹麦哥本哈根大学的凯尔顿·迈纳从2015年至2017年期间68个国家的4.8万人使用的睡眠追踪腕带中获取了数据。然后，他和他的同事将睡眠数据与当地天气数据进行了配对，发现异常炎热的夜晚会导致人们睡得晚、起得早、睡得少。已经有证据表明，人们每年平均减少了44个小时的睡眠。研究人员估计，到2100年，如果温室气体排放不受控制，人们每年将失去58个小时的睡眠。如果未来排放较低，这一数字将降至50小时。
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minor and his team measured the level of sleep loss on unusually hot nights by comparing the data with a baseline of how much an individual sleeps normally. they also controlled for alternative possible explanations for sleep erosion, such as the wea
ther and the season.?“this is the first planetary-scale evidence that warmer-than-average temperatures erode human sleep. we show that sleep erosion occurs primarily by delaying when people fall asleep,” says minor.
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迈纳和他的团队通过将数据与一个人正常睡眠时间的基准线进行比较，测量了异常炎热夜晚的睡眠损失水平。他们还控制了影响睡眠的其他可能解释变量，如天气和季节。“这是首个全球规模的证据，表明气温高于平均水平会减少人类的睡眠。我们发现，睡眠减少主要是由于人们入睡时间推迟导致的，”迈纳说。
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some groups are hit worse than others. above-average heat at night had a larger impact on sleep loss for people in lower-income countries, women and older people. for those aged 65 and older, the effect on sleep of a 1°c increase in the minimum overnight temperature was at least twice that of younger age groups.
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一些群体受到的影响要比其他人更严重。对于低收入国家的人们、妇女和老年人来说，晚上高于平均水平的高温对睡眠损失的影响更大。对于65岁及以上的老年人来说，夜间最低温度每升高1度，对睡眠产生的影响至少是年轻人的两倍。
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the researchers found that people failed to change their daily behaviour to cope with the lack of sleep, such as by taking a nap. people also failed to adapt across a season – for instance, by finding it easier to sleep on a warm night at the end of summer than on a warm night early in summer. “we don’t find evidence that people are adapting well,” says minor.
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研究人员发现，人们无法通过改变日常行为来应对睡眠不足，比如打个盹。人们也无法在一个季节内实现对高温的适应过程——例如，发现夏末夜晚温度更高比夏初夜晚温度更高时更容易入睡。迈纳说：“我们没有发现人们在这样的环境下适应良好的证据。”
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本文节选自：new scientist （新科学家）
发布时间：2022.05.20
作者：adam vaughan
原文标题：climate change means people are losing 44 hours of sleep per year
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◆词汇积累
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1.glean
英?[ɡli?n]??美?[ɡli?n]?
vt. 收集（资料）；拾（落穗）
vi. 收集；拾落穗
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2.wristband
英?[?r?stb?nd]??美?[?r?stb?nd]?
n. 腕套，腕带；手表带，手镯；袖口
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3.notorious
英?[n???t??ri?s]??美?[no??t??ri?s]?
adj. 声名狼藉的，臭名昭著的
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◆词组搭配
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1.rein in ?? 控制；放慢；止住
2.planetary-scale? ? 行星尺度
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◆写作句总结
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原句：above-average heat at night had a larger impact on sleep loss for people in lower-income countries, women and older people.
结构：xxx had a larger impact on xx for some people.
例句：distance learning had a larger impact on students’ learning quality for students from families with below-average income.????